Bio: Dr. Rabbi Chowdhury is graduated in 2005, later obtained his Masters in Tropical & infectious disease from Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK, FCPS in Internal Medicine and a PhD from the University of Oxford. He received multiple awards during his scientific and academic career, such as the ISC Young investigator award, Young Physician Leader Award, BSMMU Best Researcher award, Best PhD student award (Nuffield department of Medicine) and others. His area of research interest is pesticide poisoning, snakebite, clinical trials, Gram-negative bacteria and sepsis. Dr. Rabbi published >100 articles in peer-reviewed journals and contributed chapters in four books. He has more than 15000 citations in his account with an H-index 26.
Abstract: Different mixed organophosphate (OP) combinations such as chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin or profenofos and cypermethrin are getting popular in agricultural uses. This is due to its broad-spectrum efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and perceived synergistic action against pests. However, this trend poses severe health risks, as co-formulation enhances toxicity, leading to higher fatality rates and complicated clinical management. Despite both pesticides being classified as WHO Class II (moderately hazardous), their combination in high concentration leads to severity. Clinical observations from India, Taiwan, China, Bangladesh, China and African countries have reported a higher incidence of acute respiratory failure and neurotoxicity, compared to a single OP agent. Wu et al. from Taiwan, China reported that 58.3% of individuals with combined chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin poisoning experienced acute respiratory failure, with a mortality rate of 16.7% (1). Eddleston et al. also highlighted that mortality rates exceed 30% in mixed OPC cases, surpassing global OPC poisoning fatality estimates of 10–20% (2). This rise is partly due to the banning of highly hazardous pesticides (HHPs) in many countries, placing chlorpyrifos in high concentration as a preferred alternative. The growing adoption of these combination pesticides in LMICs has now created a toxicological crisis, necessitating enhanced regulatory measures, mass awareness amongst consumers, and the promotion of safer alternatives.
References:
1. Wu, M.-L., Deng, J.-F., & Tsai, W.-J. (2023). Human Poisoning with Chlorpyrifos and Cypermethrin Pesticide Mixture: Assessment of Clinical Outcome of Cases Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Taiwan. International Journal of General Medicine, 16, 1235–1245.
2. Eddleston M, Buckley NA, Eyer P, Dawson AH. Management of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. The Lancet. 2008 Feb 16;371(9612):597-607.
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Date | Time | Local Time | Room | Forum | Session | Role | Topic |
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2025-10-16 | 16:00-16:30 | 2025-10-16,16:00-16:30 | Room 2 - Guobin Hall 2 | Symposium Program (Session) |
Session 08: Pesticide and Herbicide Exposure: From Risk Assessment to Morbi-mortality Reduction |
Speaker | Mixed organophosphate poisoning: An emerging toxicological crisis in LMICs |